COOPER UNION

in full Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art tuition-free undergraduate college in New York, New York, U.S. It was endowed in 1859 by merchant and philanthropist Peter Cooper for the advancement of science and art, and its financial resources were later increased by the Hewitt and Carnegie families. Green Camp, a 1,000-acre (400-hectare) tract in Ringwood, New Jersey, was acquired in 194144 for an adjunct educational and recreational facility. In 1955 the institution acquired property adjacent to its original site for a school of engineering (completed 1960). Cooper Union offers degree-granting programs in its schools of art, architecture, and engineering; these are supported by a core curriculum in the liberal arts. Instruction in these programs is open to any student able to meet the intelligence and aptitude requirements. Several national agencies for social welfare were founded at Cooper Union, and a number of U.S. presidents have spoken in its historic Great Hall. The Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum (formerly, until 1976, the Museum for the Arts of Decoration), opened in 1897, provides important resources for designers in the decorative arts; it is administered by the Smithsonian Institution. Cooper Union's library was the first free public reading room in New York City.