1.
To ~ something, especially something that hides the true nature of a thing, means to remove it completely.
Altman strips away the pretence and mythology to expose the film industry as a business like any other.
PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron)
2.
To ~ a layer of something means to remove it completely.
Sensitive Cream will not ~ the skin’s protective layer...
She’d managed to strip the bloodied rags away from Nellie’s body.
PHRASAL VERB: V P n (not pron), V n P from n