NEW YORK WORLD

daily newspaper published in New York City from 1860 to 1931, a colourful and vocal influence in American journalism in its various manifestations under different owners. It was established in 1860 as a penny paper with a basically religious orientation. It supported U.S. President Abraham Lincoln's prosecution of the American Civil War and his other policies, but it lost money, was sold to a consortium of New York City Democrats, and turned abruptly on Lincoln after the Emancipation Proclamation of Jan. 1, 1863. The paper was shut down by federal authorities for two days in 1864 for publishing a fabricated report indicating that the North would draft 400,000 more men for the Union armies. In 1868 the paper published a statistical and historical annual, the World Almanac, which long survived the World itself. In 1883 the World was purchased by Joseph Pulitzer (18471911) and became increasingly flamboyant, particularly its Sunday edition under the editorship of Arthur Brisbane. The World played a major role in whipping up the jingoistic spirit that led the United States into the Spanish-American War. The paper's bombast was tempered somewhat after Brisbane moved on and Pulitzer died and was succeeded by his son Joseph Pulitzer II. The World was known for its numerous outstanding reporters, columnists, editors, and cartoonists. By 1930 the paper's circulation had declined after a price increase, and heavy losses induced young Pulitzer to sell the paper to the Scripps-Howard chain. In 1931 the World was combined with the New York Evening Telegram (founded 1867) to become the New York World-Telegram. (The latter lasted until 1966; another merger creation, the New York World-Journal-Tribune, lasted less than a year, dying in 1967.)